基于双时相遥感影像差异信息的深度学习滑坡检测

目前利用高分辨率卫星影像进行滑坡等地质灾害识别逐渐成为研究热点,滑坡目视解译依赖于解译人员的经验,耗时费力且提取精度低,而传统的滑坡自动识别方法易将滑坡和道路、裸地、建筑等多种具有相似光谱信息的地物混淆。针对以上问题,文章使用一种双时相高分辨率卫星影像差异信息的深度学习滑坡检测算法,获取时序影像各个波段和归一化植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI）的差异影像作为深度学习的输入特征。为充分挖掘滑坡前后影像多种信息差异特征,采用了U-net网络模型耦合空洞空间金字塔池化和嵌入注意力机制模块相结合进行滑坡特征提取的方法,该方法增强了滑坡边界信息的保存,能够有效地提取滑坡边界信息和发生剧烈变化的区域。利用上述方法对恩施市和九寨沟进行了滑坡检测,实验结果显示,所取得的综合评价指标值（F1-Score）分别为88.4%和90.53%,误差较小、精度较高。表明该方法能够准确检测出高分卫星数据的滑坡边界,且能保持滑坡的完整性。     

基于任意长度的数据帧头搜索实现方法

为解决卫星海量数据传输多样化问题,提出一种基于任意长度帧头的数据流搜索的实现方法。首先阐述了卫星地面基带处理系统的总体设计流程,然后针对传统的搜索特点介绍了传统的数据帧头搜索方法,最后给出了一种基于任意长度帧头的数据流的实现方法,对该方法进行了详细流程介绍。结果表明,与传统的搜索机制相比较,文章提出的搜索方法具备高速率、高准确率和使用范围广的优点。     

空间伸展臂热应变与热变形光纤监测技术

针对空间伸展臂在热载荷作用下承载特性与形态变化的监测需求,提出了一种基于分布式光纤传感器的伸展臂结构温度、热应变以及热变形集成监测技术。借助ANSYS Workbench有限元分析软件,构建了单端热载荷作用下铝合金空间伸展臂结构热-力模型,分别得到不同局部热载荷下伸展臂轴向温度、热应变以及热变形分布与变化规律。在此基础上,提出了基于有限元分析与热传导理论的两类伸展臂轴向热变形计算方法。构建了分布式光纤传感监测系统,实时监测伸展臂若干关键位置的温度值与应变值,进而反演出结构轴向温度场、应变场连续变化信息。研究表明:采用有限元拟合法与热传导解析法计算所得伸展臂轴向热变形误差分别为5.256%与3.556%。相关成果能够为未来航天器在轨服役状态监测与辨识提供技术支撑。     

Hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design using modified sequential approximate optimization

Hypersonic vehicles are receiving increased attention within the aerospace community due to their high cruise speed and long-range capabilities. In this paper, a modified Sequential Approximate Optimization method is proposed for an optimized aerodynamic design of a hypersonic vehicle. As part of this approach, a constrained experimental design method is developed to handle the constraints more efficiently. A radial basis function is used to surrogate time-consuming CFD analysis. An efficient and more robust numerical mesh morphing scheme for the hypersonic vehicle is developed for the generation of high-quality meshes. Within this paper, a novel adaptive infilling strategy is proposed which uses an inaccurate search technique coupled with an elite archive. This allows the location of a more promising sample region and hence improves the surrogate accuracy, thereby further enhancing the optimization efficiency. A hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design problem is solved using the proposed approach and satisfactory results are obtained at much lower computational costs. The lift-to-drag ratio is increased by 23.8% when compared with the base configuration while also satisfying the volume and lift constraints. The pressure and Mach contours have been compared with those of the base configuration and the results demonstrate the strength of the optimized configuration. The modified sequential approximate optimization for designing an improved hypersonic vehicle is worth referencing in future work.     

Approximate qualitative spatial reasoning

Qualitative relations between spatial regions play an importantrole in the representation and manipulation of spatial knowledge.The RCC5 and RCC8 systems of relations,used in the Region-Connection Calculus, are of fundamentalimportance. These two systems deal with ideal regions havingprecisely determined location. However,in many practical examples of spatial reasoning,regions are represented by finite approximations rather than known precisely.Approximations may be given by describing how a regionrelates to cells forming a partition of the space underconsideration. Although the RCC5 and RCC8 systems have beengeneralized to ``egg-yolk' regions, in order to modelcertain types of vagueness, their extension to regionsapproximated in this way has not been discussed before.This paper presents two methods, the syntactic and the semantic, by which the RCC5 and RCC8 systemsmay be defined for approximate regions. The syntactic uses algebraicoperations on approximate regions which generalize operations on preciseregions. The semantic method makes use of the set of preciseregions which could be the intended interpretation of anapproximate region. Relationships between these two methods arediscussed in detail.alternative to navigation training with a map.     

GPS／SINS姿态组合系统空间一致性研究

在基于卡尔曼滤波器并引入了姿态观测量的GPS/SINS组合导航系统中,GPS天线体坐标系与IMU所在的载体坐标系由于安装误差或其他原因不能完全重合,两个坐标系间存在失准角,导致多天线GPS与SINS输出的姿态信息在空间不能同步,这将影响卡尔曼滤波的效果。本文针对这一问题进行了深入的研究,分析了两个坐标系空间不一致的机理,给出了静态和动基座情况下标定两个坐标系位置关系的方法并进行仿真分析验证了其可行性。     

空间正弦试验方法--一种新的模态试验方法

本文介绍一种新的模态试验方法———空间正弦试验法,对试验方法进行理论推导,给出模态参数识别的具体方法,讨论方法的成立条件和特点,对模态试验程序提出建议,指出一条模态试验的新途径。     

圆截面空间曲杆的屈曲

采用自然坐标系对空间曲杆进行有限元建模,给出了自然坐标系下的三维细长空间曲杆的格林应变计算公式和能量方程,建立了2节点12个自由度的三维曲梁单元并用其分析了同时受轴向力和轴向扭矩作用的具有初始曲率和挠率的三维空间曲杆的屈曲问题。算例证明了公式和方程的正确性和合理性。数值结果与现有的理论解相吻合,收敛性却比商用有限元软件的结果好。数值结果还表明,扭矩对屈曲的影响不可不计。     

求解广义特征值问题的并行保域行列式查找法

结构分析领域有着重要应用的广义特征值问题的并行算法，因为难度很大，且当问题的规模较大时还必须有先进的计算环境支持，所以迄今研究得很少。文中提出了一种适用于流水线型向量机的求解大型稀疏实对称矩阵广义特征值问题的并行保域行列式查找法。该方法不但保持了传统的行列式查找法的优点，而且克服了其迭代不收敛、漏根等缺点，并具有较高的速度加速比。该算法在ＹＨ－１计算机上进行了数值实验，结果表明该法是一种求解大型对     

空间正弦试验方法计算机仿真

本文对一种新的模态试验方法-空间正弦试验方法进行计算机仿真，分别对激励点和响应点相同和不等的情况进行仿真计算，得到与理论值相吻合的模态参数，给出该方法的程序和适用条件。